Stone cubes surfaces, clinker, cobblestones and plates, part 1

Stone cubes surfaces, clinker, cobblestones and plates are made similarly to gravel and crushed. The condition for maintaining the smoothness of the surface built of these materials is to prevent them from pressing them into the substrate under the loading load. Wciskanie to jest

Gravel and crushed surfaces part 2

The execution of the gravel or crushed surface is to dig the road bearing, securing its edges by setting the curb or laying retaining stones as well as the spread and leveling of the aggregate layer and it. W nawierzchniach wielowarstwowych każdą warstwę powinno

Gravel and crushed surfaces part 1

Gravel and crushed surfaces can be thickness 6 – 20 cm, depending on the permeability of the substrate and the expected load. Surfaces on loose and permeable soils may be a small thickness,

tmpfde0-1Gravel-plastic surface on a permeable 1 —

Improved ground surfaces – stabilized part 2

Lime stabilization is usually carried out on soils with a higher clay or muck content, as well as the content of organic parts, not exceeding, however 10%. Zwykle używa się do tego celu wapna hydratyzowanego lub popiołów lotnych uzyskiwanych przy oczyszczaniu spalin ze spalania węgla

Improved ground surfaces – stabilized part 1

Land, from which the surfaces are made, can be improved by increasing their coherence, reduction of absorbability and increasing load strength. This is achieved by adding various binders, which bind small particles of land. Cement is used as a binder, wapna i różnych spoiw

Ground surfaces

The ground surfaces are the simplest and easiest to make, However, not every soil or soil type is suitable for this type of surface. An appropriate mechanical composition is required to obtain the optimal properties of the ground surface (grainness) land and proper, humidity. Te dwie

Slopes

By giving the surface a decrease, it must be determined by its size and direction. The value of the inheritance is most often determined in percentage; it usually ranges within the borders 0,5-5% and is usually proportional to the unevenness of the surface. Yes, for example. the smallest decline (0,5-2%) wymagają nawierzchnie z płyt kamiennych

Ways to drain water from the surface of the roads

Each road should be built in this way, that the water would not stop on its surface. Persistent water hinders the use of the road, and after the freezing of the water can pose a threat to movement. Największe utrudnienie dla ruchu i zagrożenie zniszczenia drogi powoduje utrzymywanie

Walk

Walking and roads are built like this, that their design withstands the load on medium -sized truck vehicles without showing cracks or deformation of the surface of the surface. Material, from which this type of surfaces are made are sometimes less pleasant to use for passers -by (np: kostka betonowa

Garden roads

Garden roads are divided on the basis of the type -the movement of the movement, type of structure, materials used, etc.. Within the green areas, the road is most often divided into target and walking.

The destination roads are built to obtain the shortest possible connection between two different points, dlatego